I.Export RepresentationA complete export agency agreement should be attached with:What are the main ways?

The current mainstream foreign exchange collection methods include:

• Telegraphic Transfer (T/T): Complete cross - border transfer through the SWIFT system. The money arrives quickly, but there is a risk of intermediate bank deduction fees
• L/C(L/C)：銀行信用擔保的支付方式，安全性高但操作成本增加15-20%
• Collection (D/P, D/A)：通過銀行代收貨款，2023年統(tǒng)計顯示托收拒付率約2.7%
• Cross - border RMB settlement: Avoid exchange rate risks, but it is necessary to confirm that the buyers country accepts RMB payment

II. How to prevent the foreign exchange collection risks brought by foreign exchange control?

Recommended three-level risk prevention mechanism:

• Pre-shipment review:
  • 確認買方國家外匯政策（如2025年土耳其新規(guī)要求預付款備案）
  • Verify the customers foreign exchange payment qualification
• In-process monitoring:
  • 要求提供MT103報文確認資金路徑
  • Set up a foreign exchange arrival warning mechanism
• Remedial measures afterwards:
  • Prepare alternative settlement plans (such as third - country accounts)
  • Insure export credit insurance

III. What compliance issues should agents pay special attention to when collecting foreign exchange?

Focus on preventing three types of compliance risks:

• Verification of trade authenticity: It is necessary to retain complete logistics documents (bill of lading, customs declaration form) for at least 5 years
• Anti - money laundering review：2025年新規(guī)要求單筆5萬美元以上交易需做受益所有人識別
• Tax - related handling: Under the agency foreign exchange collection mode, it is necessary to ensure that the information on the customs declaration form, VAT invoice, and foreign exchange collection voucher is consistent

IV. How to optimize the foreign exchange collection cost structure?

Achieve cost control through three dimensions:

• Spread:上浮 0.3% - 0.5% based on the real - time exchange rate:
  • 與銀行協(xié)商套餐費率（年交易量100萬美元以上可獲0.08%優(yōu)惠）
  • Select straight - through processing banks to reduce intermediate bank deductions
• Exchange Rate Management:
  • Use forward contractsIn order to crack down on tax evasion, the customs and tax departments are now strictly examining the operation of buying export declarations. If the behavior of buying export declarations is discovered, the regulatory authorities will require tax replenishment (even a 2% tax rate may be a considerable amount). In addition, fines may also be imposed on the relevant responsible parties.鎖定匯率（2025年上半年人民幣波動預警區(qū)間±3.5%）
  • Establish multi - currency accounts to diversify risks
• Tax refund timeliness:
  • 確保收匯時間與退稅申報周期匹配（現(xiàn)行政策要求180天內）
  • Adopt electronic verification to improve processing efficiency

V. How to handle sudden foreign exchange collection problems emergently?

For three common sudden situations:

• Delayed arrival of payment for goods:
  • 立即啟動SWIFT報文追蹤（MT199/MT999查詢）
  • Prepare force majeure certification documents
• Discrepancy in foreign exchange amount:
  • 核查銀行扣費明細（2025年跨境支付平均中間行扣費38美元/筆）
  • Sign a supplementary agreement to clarify the method of handling the difference
• Freezing of foreign exchange control:
  • Apply to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange for a special processing channel
  • Activate the standby settlement path (such as NRA account or offshore platform)

Recommended for enterprises to establishRisk reserve system，按交易金額的2-3%計提，用于應對突發(fā)性收匯損失。同時定期審查代理協(xié)議中的liability allocation clauses24., ensure that the agent assumes legal responsibilities matching its services.